Sahih al-Bukhari

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anger hadith

Sahih al-Bukhari
SaheehAlBukhari.png
AuthorMuhammad al-Bukhari
LanguageArabic
SeriesKutub al-Sittah
SubjectHadith
GenreHadith collection
Publication date
9th century
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Hadith
Hadith calligraphy
Sahih al-Bukhari

Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī (Arabic: صحيح البخاري‎) is one of the Kutub al-Sittah (six major hadith collections) of Sunni Islam. Whereas, out of all these six major books, the collection of prophetic traditions, or hadith for Sahih al-Bukhari, was performed by the Muslim scholar Muhammad al-Bukhari. It was completed around 846 CE / 232 AH. Sunni Muslims view this as one of the two most trusted collections of hadith along with Sahih Muslim.[1][2] The Arabic word sahih translates as authentic or correct.[3] Sahih al-Bukhari, together with Sahih Muslim is known as Sahihayn.

Actual title[edit]

 Bismillahir Rahmanir Rahim
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According to Ibn al-Salah the book is called: al-Jaami’ al-Sahih al-Musnad al-Mukhtasar min Umuri Rasooli-llahi wa sunanihi wa Ayyaamihi (The Abridged Collection of Authentic Hadith with Connected Chains regarding Matters Pertaining to the Prophet, His practices and His Times)[4]Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani mentioned the same title, replacing the word umur (English: matters) with hadith.[5]

Overview[edit]

Al-Bukhari traveled widely throughout the Abbasid Caliphate from the age of 16, collecting those traditions he thought trustworthy. It is reported that al-Bukhari devoted 16 years to sifting the hadiths he included in his Sahih from a collection of nearly 600,000 narrations.[6] Sources differ on the exact number of hadiths in Bukhari's Sahih, depending on whether a hadith is defined as a Prophetic tradition or a narration of that tradition. Experts, in general, have estimated the number of full-isnad narration at 7,563, and without considerations to repetitions or different versions of the same report, the number of Prophetic traditions reduces to approximately 2,602.[6] At the time when Bukhari saw the earlier works and conveyed them, he found them, in their presentation, combining between what would be considered sahih (correct) and hasan (good) and that many of them included daʻīf (weak) hadith. This aroused his interest in compiling hadith whose authenticity was beyond doubt. What further strengthened his resolve was something his teacher, hadith scholar Ishaq ibn Ibrahim al-Hanthalee – better known as Ishaq Ibn Rahwayh – had told him. "We were with Ishaq Ibn Rahwayh who said, ‘If only you would compile a book of only authentic narrations of the Prophet.’ This suggestion remained in my heart so I began compiling the Sahih." Bukhari also said, "I saw the Prophet in a dream and it was as if I was standing in front of him. In my hand was a fan with which I was protecting him. I asked some dream interpreters, who said to me, ‘You will protect him from lies.’ This is what compelled me to produce the Sahih."[7]

The book covers almost all aspects of life in providing proper guidance of Islam such as the method of performing prayers and other actions of worship directly from the Islamic prophet, Muhammad. Bukhari finished his work around 846/232 AH, and spent the last twenty-four years of his life visiting other cities and scholars, teaching the hadith he had collected. In every city that Bukhari visited, thousands of people would gather in the main mosque to listen to him recite traditions. In reply to Western academic doubts as to the actual date and authorship of the book that bears his name, scholars point out that notable hadith scholars of that time, such as Ahmad ibn Hanbal (855 CE/241 AH), Yahya ibn Ma'in (847 CE/233 AH), and Ali ibn al-Madini (848 CE/234 AH), accepted the authenticity of his book[8] and that the collection's immediate fame makes it unlikely that it could have been revised after the author's death without historical record.

During this period of twenty-four years, al-Bukhari made minor revisions to his book, notably the chapter headings. Each version is named by its narrator. Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani in his book Nukat asserts the number of hadiths is the same in each version. The most famous one today is the version narrated by al-Firabri (d. 932 CE/320 AH), a trusted student of Bukhari, from which all printed editions derive today. Al-Khatib al-Baghdadi in his book History of Baghdad quoted Firabri as saying: "About seventy thousand people heard Sahih Bukhari with me".

Firabri is not the only transmitter of Sahih al-Bukhari. Many others narrated the book to later generations, such as Ibrahim ibn Ma'qal (d. 907 CE/295 AH), Hammad ibn Shaker (d. 923 CE/311 AH), Mansur Burduzi (d. 931 CE/319 AH) and Husain Mahamili (d. 941 CE/330 AH). There are many books that noted differences between these versions, the best known being Fath al-Bari.

Much later, Muhammad Fuad Abdul Baqi numbered Bukhari's hadiths 1–7563, and its books 1–97. Hadiths may be cited by book name, chapter name, and narrator name; by Baqi's hadith number ("Bukhari 3894"); or by Baqi's book number plus the hadith's offset ("Bukhari 34.176"). The popular USC-MSA English hadith numbering system of volume number, book number, hadith number ("Bukhari Vol. 4 Book 56 Hadith 791") contains many errors, doesn't correspond to any printed edition, and is now deprecated.

Distinctive features[edit]

Amin Ahsan Islahi, the Islamic scholar, has listed three outstanding qualities of Sahih al-Bukhari:[9][non-primary source needed]

  1. Quality and soundness of the chain of narrators of the selected ahādīth. Muhammad al-Bukhari has followed two principal criteria for selecting sound narratives. First, the lifetime of a narrator should overlap with the lifetime of the authority from whom he narrates. Second, it should be verifiable that narrators have met with their source persons. They should also expressly state that they obtained the narrative from these authorities. This is a stricter criterion than that set by Muslim ibn al-Hajjaj.
  2. Muhammad al-Bukhari accepted the narratives from only those who, according to his knowledge, not only believed in Islam but practiced its teachings. Thus, he has not accepted narratives from the Murjites.
  3. The particular arrangement and ordering of chapters. This expresses the profound knowledge of the author and his understanding of the religion. This has made the book a more useful guide in understanding of the religious disciplines.

Manuscripts[edit]

The Orientalist Manjana said in Cambridge in 1936 that the oldest manuscript he had come across up to that point was written in 984 CE/370 AH, according to the narration of al-Mirwazi from al-Farbari[10] The oldest full manuscript which was printed by ISAM is from 1155/550 AH.[11]

Contents[edit]

The book is divided into 93 chapters.[12][13]

  1. Revelation
  2. Belief
  3. Knowledge
  4. Ablution (Wudu')
  5. Bathing (Ghusl)
  6. Menstrual Periods
  7. Ablution with dust
  8. Prayer (Salat)
  9. Prayer Hall (Sutra)
  10. Times of the Prayer
  11. Call to Prayer
  12. Characteristics of Prayer
  13. Friday Prayer
  14. Fear Prayer
  15. The Two Festivals (Eids)
  16. Witr Prayer
  17. Dua' for Rain (Istisqaa)
  18. Eclipses
  19. Prostration
  20. Shortening Prayers
  21. Night Prayer (Tahajjud)
  22. Actions while Praying
  23. Funerals (Al-Janaa'iz)
  24. Tax (Zakat)
  25. Tax (Zakat ul Fitr)
  26. Pilgrimmage (Hajj)
  27. Minor Pilgrimmage
  28. Pilgrims Prevented
  29. Prilgrims Hunting Penalty
  30. Virtues of Madinah
  31. Fasting
  32. Ramadan Prayer
  33. Stay in Mosque (I'tikaf)
  34. Sales and Trade
  35. Paid in Advance
  36. Hiring
  37. Debt Transfer
  38. Business by Proxy
  39. Agriculture
  40. Distributing Water
  41. Loans, Bankruptcy
  42. Lost & Found
  43. Oppressions
  44. Partnership
  45. Mortgaging
  46. Freeing Slaves
  47. Gifts
  48. Witnesses
  49. Peacemaking
  50. Conditions
  51. Wills
  52. Jihaad
  53. One-fifth of Booty
  54. Beginning of Creation
  55. Prophets
  56. Merits of Sunnah
  57. The Companions
  58. Merits of Al-Ansaar
  59. Expeditions
  60. Prophetic Commentary
  61. Virtues of the Qur'an
  62. Marriage
  63. Divorce
  64. Supporting Family
  65. Food, Meals
  66. Sacrifice on Birth
  67. Hunting, Slaughter
  68. Al-Adha Sacrifice
  69. Drinks
  70. Patients
  71. Medicine
  72. Dress
  73. Good Manners
  74. Asking Permission
  75. Invocations
  76. Softening the Heart
  77. Divine Will (Qadar)
  78. Oaths and Vows
  79. Unfulfilled Oaths
  80. Inheritance Laws
  81. Punishment Laws
  82. Disbelievers (war)
  83. Blood Money
  84. Dealing with Apostates
  85. Under Duress
  86. Tricks
  87. Interpretations of Dreams
  88. End of the World
  89. Judgments
  90. Wishes
  91. Truthfull Word
  92. Holding Steadfast
  93. Oneness of Allah

Authenticity[edit]

Ibn al-Salah said: "The first to author a Sahih was Bukhari, Abū ʿAbd Allāh Muḥammad ibn Ismāʿīl al-Juʿfī, followed by Abū al-Ḥusayn Muslim ibn al-Ḥajjāj an-Naysābūrī al-Qushayrī, who was his student, sharing many of the same teachers. These two books are the most authentic books after the Qurʾān. As for the statement of Al-Shafi‘i, who said "I do not know of a book containing knowledge more correct than Malik's book," – others mentioned it with a different wording – he said this before the books of Bukhari and Muslim. The book of Bukhari is the more authentic of the two and more useful."[4]

Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani quoted Abu Jaʿfar al-‘Uqailee as saying, "After Bukhari had written the Sahih, he read it to Ali ibn al-Madini, Ahmad ibn Hanbal, Yahya ibn Ma'in as well as others. They considered it a good effort and testified to its authenticity with the exception of four hadith. Al-‘Uqailee then said that Bukhari was actually correct regarding those four hadith." Ibn Hajar then concluded, "And they are, in fact, authentic."[14]

Ibn al-Salah said in his Muqaddimah ibn al-Ṣalāḥ fī ʿUlūm al-Ḥadīth: "It has been narrated to us that Bukhari has said, 'I have not included in the book al-Jami’ other than what is authentic and I did not include other authentic hadith for the sake of brevity.'"[4] In addition, al-Dhahabi said, "Bukhari was heard saying, 'I have memorized one hundred thousand authentic hadith and two hundred thousand which are less than authentic.'"[15]

Criticism[edit]

At least one famous ahaad (solitary) hadith in Bukhari, regarding women's leadership,[16] based upon its content and its hadith narrator (Abu Bakr), is believed by some authors to be inauthentic. Shehadeh uses gender theory to critique the hadith,[17] while Farooq believes that such hadiths are inconsistent with reforming Islam.[18] Affi and Affi also apply contemporary interpretations to Shariah law in discussing the hadith.[19]

Another hadith ("Three things bring bad luck: house, woman, and horse."), reported by Abu Hurairah, has been criticized by Fatema Mernissi for being reported out of context and without any further clarification in Bukhari's collection. The clarification is given in a hadith reported by Aisha in Imam Zarkashi's (1344-1392) hadith collection: "...He [Abu Hurairah] came into our house when the Prophet was in the middle of a sentence. He only heard the end of it. What the Prophet said was: 'May God refute the Jews; they say three things bring bad luck: house, woman, and horse.'" This case raises the question of whether other hadith in Bukhari have been reported incompletely and lacking proper context.[20] However, Abu Huraira was not the only contemporary of Muhammad to have reported this hadith.

Certain Prophetic medicine and remedies espoused in Bukhari, such as cupping, have been noted for being unscientific.[21] Sunni scholar Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani, on the basis of contrary archaeological evidence, criticised the hadith[22] which claimed that Adam's height was 60 cubits and human height has been decreasing ever since.[23]

Rachid Aylal published a critical book on Bukhari's work in 2017, Sahih Al-Bukhari… The End of a Legend. It was banned in Morocco for disturbing spiritual security, purportedly due to pressure from Islamists.[24]

Number of hadith[edit]

Ibn al-Salah also said: "The number of hadith in his book, the Sahih, is 7,275 hadith, including hadith occurring repeatedly. It has been said that this number excluding repeated hadith is 2,230."[4] This is referring to those hadith which are musnad,[25] those from the Companions originating from Muhammad which are authentic.[26]

Commentaries[edit]

Fathul Bari bisyarhi Shahih al-Bukhari by Ibn Hajar Asqalani
Shahih al-Bukhari

Several detailed commentaries on this collection have been written, estimated to number around 400,[27] such as:

  1. Anwar ul Bari by Syed Ahmed Raza Bijnori[28]
  2. Tohfa tul Qari[29] by Mufti Saeed Ahmed Palanpuri
  3. Nasr ul Bari by Molana Usman Ghani[30]
  4. Hashia Ahmed Ali Saharanpuri[31][32](died 1880)
  5. Sharh Ibn Battaal by Abu al-Hasan 'Ali ibn Khalaf ibn 'Abd al-Malik (died: 449 AH); published in 10 volumes with an additional volume containing indexes
  6. Tafsir al-gharib ma fi al-Sahihayn by al-Humaydī (died 1095 AD).
  7. Al-Mutawari 'Ala Abwab al-Bukhari by Nasir al-Din ibn al-Munayyir (died: 683 AH): An explanation of select chapter titles; published in one volume
  8. Sharh Ibn Kathir (died: 774 AH)
  9. Sharh ‘Ala’ al-Din Maghlatay (died: 792 AH)
  10. Fath al-Bari by Ibn Rajab al-Hanbali (died: 795 AH)
  11. Al-Kawkab al-Darari fi Sharh Al-Bukhari by al-Kirmani (died: 796 AH)
  12. Sharh Ibnu al-Mulaqqin (died: 804 AH)
  13. Al-Tawshih by al-Suyuti (died: 811 AH)
  14. Sharh al-Barmawi (died: 831 AH)
  15. Sharh al-Tilmasani al-Maliki (died: 842 AH)
  16. Fath ul-Bari fi Sharh Sahih al-Bukhari by al-Hafith Ibn Hajar (died: 852 AH)[33]
  17. Irshad al-Sari li Sharh Sahih al-Bukhari by al-Qastallani (died: 923 AH); one of the most well known of the explanations of Sahih al-Bukhari'[33][34][35]
  18. Sharh al-Bulqini (died: 995 AH)
  19. Umdah al Qari fi Sharh Sahih al Bukhari[36]' written by Badr al-Din al-Ayni and published in Beirut by Dar Ihya’ al-turath al-`Arabi[33][37]
  20. Al-Tanqih by al-Zarkashi
  21. Sharh Ibni Abi Hamzah al-Andalusi
  22. Sharh Abi al-Baqa’ al-Ahmadi
  23. Sharh al-Bakri
  24. Sharh Ibnu Rashid
  25. "Nuzhat Ul Qari Sharah Sahih Al Bukhari" by Mufti Shareeful Haq
  26. Hashiyat ul Bukhari by Tajus Shariah Mufti Muhammad Akhtar Raza Khan Khan Qaadiri Al Azhari
  27. Fayd al-Bari[38] by Maulana Anwar Shah Kashmiri
  28. Kausar Yazdani
  29. Inaam-ul-Bari[39] by Mufti Muhammad Taqi Usmani (9 Volumes; 7 published)
  30. Neamat-ul-Bari Fi Shrah Saih-ul-Buhari by Ghulam Rasul Sa'idi, 16 volumes
  31. Kanzul Mutawari Fi Ma'adini Lami' al-Darari Wa Sahih Al-Bukhari by Syaikh ul Hadith Maulana Muhammad Zakariyya Kandhalawi -24 volumes. This book is initially a compilation of lectures by Maulana Rashid Ahmad Gangohi and was made complete with additional explanations by Maulana Zakariyya.[40]

One of the most important aspects in Sahih al-Bukhari is tarjamah al-bab[41] or giving name of the chapter. Many great scholars adopted a common saying: "The Fiqh of Bukhari in His Chapters". Not many scholars have commented on this aspect except Hafiz Ibn Hajar Asqalani and a few others. Shah Waliyullah Muhadith Dehlawi had mentioned 14 usul (methods) to understand Abwab wa Tarajim, then added by Hind Maulana Shaykh Mahmud Hasan Ad-Deobandi to make it 15 usul. A study conducted by Syaikhul Hadith Maulana Muhammad Zakariyya had found as many as 70 usul. He wrote specifically about Tarajim Saheeh Al-Bukhari in his book, Al-Abwab wa At-Tarajim li Shahih Al-Bukhari[41] [40]

Translations[edit]

In 2019, the Arabic Virtual Translation Center in New York translated and published the first complete English translation of Sahih Al-Bukhari with full sanad and commentary. This work, titled Encyclopedia of Sahih Al-Bukhari, includes explanatory notes, a glossary of every term, and biographies of all characters.

Sahih Al-Bukhari in English, the 9 volume set

Sahih al-Bukhari was originally translated into English by Muhammad Muhsin Khan under the title "The Translation of the Meanings of Sahih Al Bukhari Arabic English" (1971) in nine volumes.[42] The text used for this work is Fath Al-Bari, published by the Egyptian Press of Mustafa Al-Babi Al-Halabi in 1959.[clarification needed] It is published by Al Saadawi Publications and Dar-us-Salam and is included in the USC-MSA Compendium of Muslim Texts.[43] Large numbers of selected hadith from it have been translated by Muhammad Ali and Thomas Cleary.

The book is also available in numerous languages including Urdu, Bengali, Bosnian, Tamil, Malayalam,[44] Albanian, Malay, Hindi among others.

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ Mabadi Tadabbur-i-Hadith, Amin Ahsan Islahi
  2. ^ Harold G. Koenig, Saad Al Shohaib Health and Well-Being in Islamic Societies: Background, Research, and Applications Springer 2014 ISBN 978-3-319-05873-3 page 30
  3. ^ "Meaning of sahih". Islamic-Dictionary.com. Archived from the original on February 10, 2010. Retrieved 2010-05-13.
  4. ^ a b c d Muqaddimah Ibn al-Salah, pg. 160-9 Dar al-Ma’aarif edition
  5. ^ Hadyi al-Sari, pg. 10.
  6. ^ a b A.C. Brown, Jonathan (2009). Hadith: Muhammad's Legacy in the Medieval and Modern World (Foundations of Islam series). Oneworld Publications. p. 32. ISBN 978-1851686636.
  7. ^ Abridged from Hady al-Sari, the introduction to Fath al-Bari, by Ibn Hajr, pg. 8–9 Dar al-Salaam edition.
  8. ^ "Al Imam Bukhari". Ummah.net. Archived from the original on 2010-02-19. Retrieved 2010-02-03.
  9. ^ Mabadi Tadabbur-i-Hadith, Amin Ahsan Islahi
  10. ^ See Tareekh at-Turaath by Fu’aad Sizkeen (1/228).
  11. ^ EL-CÂMİ‘U’S-SAHÎHU’L-MÜSNEDÜ’L-MUHTASAR MİN HADÎSİ RASÛLİLLÂH SALLALLÂHU ALEYHİ VE SELLEM SAHÎH-İ BUHÂRÎ – Tıpkıbasım, İSAM, İstanbul 2018
  12. ^ "Sahih Bukhari". www.www.sahih-bukhari.com. Retrieved Jun 25, 2019.
  13. ^ "All books and chapters of sahih al bukhari". www.islamicfinder.org. Retrieved Jun 25, 2019.
  14. ^ Hady al-Sari, pg. 684.
  15. ^ Tadhkirat al-huffaz, vol. 2 pgs. 104-5, al-Kutub al-‘Ilmiyyah edition.
  16. ^ "Sahih al-Bukhari 7099". Retrieved 12 November 2016. Narrated Abu Bakr: During the battle of Al-Jamal, Allah benefited me with a Word (I heard from the Prophet). When the Prophet heard the news that the people of the Persia had made the daughter of Khosrau their Queen (ruler), he said, "Never will succeed such a nation as makes a woman their ruler."
  17. ^ Lamia Rustum Shehadeh (2003). The Idea of Women in Fundamentalist Islam. University Press of Florida. p. 229. ISBN 9780813031354.
  18. ^ Mohammad Omar Farooq (2011). Toward Our Reformation: From Legalism to Value-Oriented Islamic Law and Jurisprudence. International Institute of Islamic Thought. pp. 129–30. ISBN 9781565643710.
  19. ^ Hassan Affi; Ahmed Affi (2014). Contemporary Interpretation of Islamic Law. Troubador Publishing Ltd. pp. 149–51. ISBN 9781783067596.
  20. ^ Charles Kurzman (1998). Kurzman, Charles (ed.). Liberal Islam: A Source Book. Oxford University Press. p. 123. ISBN 9780195116229.
  21. ^ Leslie, Charles Miller, ed. (1976). Asian Medical Systems: A Comparative Study (reprint ed.). University of California Press. pp. 57–8. ISBN 9780520035119.
  22. ^ "Sahih al-Bukhari 6227". Retrieved 1 April 2017. Narrated Abu Huraira: The Prophet said, "Allah created Adam in His picture, sixty cubits (about 30 meters) in height. When He created him, He said (to him), "Go and greet that group of angels sitting there, and listen what they will say in reply to you, for that will be your greeting and the greeting of your offspring." Adam (went and) said, 'As-Salamu alaikum (Peace be upon you).' They replied, 'AsSalamu-'Alaika wa Rahmatullah (Peace and Allah's Mercy be on you) So they increased 'Wa Rahmatullah' The Prophet added 'So whoever will enter Paradise, will be of the shape and picture of Adam Since then the creation of Adam's (offspring) (i.e. stature of human beings is being diminished continuously) to the present time."
  23. ^ Islam and the Modern Age, Volume 29. Islam and the Modern Age Society. 1998. p. 39. The hadith, reported by al-Bukhari, to the effect that Adam’s height was sixty cubits, has been criticised by Ibn Hajar on the basis of archaeological measurements of the homesteads of some ancient peoples, which show that their inhabitants were not of an abnormal height.
  24. ^ https://raseef22.com/article/1071856-morocco-bans-book-critical-al-bukhari-threatens-spiritual-security
  25. ^ Hady al-Sari, pg. 654.
  26. ^ Nuzhah al-Nathr, pg. 154.
  27. ^ "An Overview of Ten Manuscripts of Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī"
  28. ^ Shaykh Syed Ahmad Raza Bijnori. "Anwaar ul Bari - 19 Volumes - By Shaykh Syed Ahmad Raza Bijnori" – via Internet Archive.
  29. ^ "Dars E Nizami Dora E Hadees 8th Year". archive.org.
  30. ^ "Dars E Nizami Dora E Hadees 8th Year". archive.org.
  31. ^ "Dars e Nizami Books Online - Collection 7". archive.org.
  32. ^ "Dars e Nizami Books Online - Collection 7". archive.org.
  33. ^ a b c Gibb, H.A.R.; Kramers, J.H.; Levi-Provencal, E.; Schacht, J. (1986) [1st. pub. 1960]. Encyclopaedia of Islam (New Edition). Volume I (A-B). Leiden, Netherlands: Brill. p. 1297. ISBN 9004081143.
  34. ^ Abdal-Hakim Murad. "Abdal-Hakim Murad – Contentions 8". Masud.co.uk. Retrieved 2010-05-13.
  35. ^ Lewis, B.; Menage, V.L.; Pellat, Ch.; Schacht, J. (1997) [1st. pub. 1978]. Encyclopaedia of Islam (New Edition). Volume IV (Iran-Kha). Leiden, Netherlands: Brill. p. 736. ISBN 9004078193.
  36. ^ Allama Ayni (R. A). "Umdat Ul Qari" – via Internet Archive.
  37. ^ "Int". 10 October 2006. Archived from the original on 10 October 2006.
  38. ^ Allama Anwar Shah Kashmiri. "Faiz Ul Bari" – via Internet Archive.
  39. ^ "Dars E Nizami Dora E Hadees 8th Year". archive.org.
  40. ^ a b "Anak Pendang Sekeluarga: Kanzul Mutawari Dan Sumbangan Maulana Muhammad Zakariyya Kandhalawi rah". wirapendang.blogspot.my. Retrieved 2015-10-10.
  41. ^ a b www. besturdubooks.wordpress.com. "Al Abwab Wat Tarajim Li Sahihul Bukhari" – via Internet Archive.
  42. ^ "The Translation of the Meanings of Sahih Al-Bukhari - Arabic-English (9 Volumes)".
  43. ^ "Translation of Sahih Bukhari". Usc.edu. Archived from the original on 2012-10-01. Retrieved 2010-09-26.
  44. ^ "Sahih Bukhari - Multiple languages". Australian Islamic Library.

Sahih Al-Bukhari, Hadith 181

External links[edit]

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